The Hemisphere on Instagram: "Founded in 1959 under Franco’s dictatorship, ETA emerged in an environment where the Basque language, culture, and political expression were banned. What began as a student movement rapidly evolved into an underground militant structure. Through the 1970s, as Spain transitioned to democracy, ETA intensified its attacks—focusing on police, military officials, judges, and political figures—to pressure Madrid into accepting Basque independence. The Spanish state respon