We review and extend the formalism introduced by Peliti, that maps a Markov process to a path-integral representation. After developing the mapping, we apply it to some illustrative examples: the ...

The FIND function allows you to find a text string within another. It returns the position at which a character or string begins within another text string. The output of the above function will be 5, ...

Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of the average bit error probability (ABEP) based on the moment generating function (MGF) over the Beaulieu-Xie fading ...

Probability is a measure of how likely an event is to occur within a specific range of possible outcomes. While it is often associated with gambling, probability theory plays a vital role in various ...

Abstract: This paper considers the problem of variable-length lossy source coding. The performance criteria are the excess distortion probability and the cumulant generating function of codeword ...

Bash printf function is a powerful built-in command available on all UNIX and Linux systems that allow you to format strings for display in scripts and programs. This function can also be used to ...

Generating subsets is the process of finding all the subsets of a given set. A subset is a collection of elements from the original set, where the order of the elements does not matter and duplicates ...

Note: The article usage is presented with a three- to four-day delay and will update daily once available. Due to ths delay, usage data will not appear immediately following publication. Citation ...

This investigation was supported (in part) by the U.S. Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, grant GM-10525. Note: The article usage is presented with a three- to four-day delay and ...