Abstract: A new method is presented for low-complexity near-maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the additive white Gaussian noise channel. The proposed ...

Abstract: Space laser communication (SLC) is an emerging technology to support high-throughput data transmissions in space networks. In this paper, to guarantee the reliability of high-speed SLC links ...

BP Plc operates as an integrated oil and gas company providing carbon products and services. It operates through the following segments: Gas and Low Carbon Energy, Oil Production and Operations, and ...

BP Plc operates as an integrated oil and gas company providing carbon products and services. It operates through the following segments: Gas and Low Carbon Energy, Oil Production and Operations, and ...

You're a secret agent, and you start to notice strange symbols everywhere you look. Can you decipher their meaning – and work out the link between them? Use the morse code guide below to help! What ...

You're a secret agent, and you start to notice strange symbols everywhere you look. Can you decipher their meaning – and work out the link between them? Use the morse code guide below to help! What ...

Jan. 25, 2026 A massive new study comparing more than 100,000 people with today’s most advanced AI systems delivers a surprising result: generative AI can now beat the average human on certain ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Gordon Scott has been an active investor and ...

Bargain hunters doing their weekly food shop will be all too familiar with price tags that show when temporary sales are on. Prices go up and down frequently in supermarkets, but hidden codes could ...