Linux操作系统总体上由Linux内核和GNU系统构成，具体来讲由4个主要部分构成，即Linux内核、Shell、文件系统和应用程序。内核、Shell和文件系统构成了操作系统的基本结构，使得用户可以运行程序、管理文件并使用系统。 内核是操作系统的核心，具有很多最基本 ...

TCP/IP协议模型（Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol），包含了一系列构成互联网基础的网络协议，是Internet的核心协议 ...

A reference model is a virtual model which defines how communication should take place. It logically divides the processes which are required for the communication into layers. This concept is known ...

I like to think of the transport layer as the layer of the OSI Model that enables more interesting traffic. While we network engineers may love a lot of the simpler uses of the IP protocol and ...

Whether it’s wired or wireless, most data communications today happens by way of packets of information travelling over one or more networks. But before these networks can work together, though, they ...

Ethernet is a layer 2 data link protocol that is widely used with the TCP/IP protocol, which resides at layers 3 and 4. To understand network communications, it is essential to learn about the ...

Do you remember when we used multi-protocol routing for IPX, AppleTalk, and TCP/IP running on the same network? In the 1980s and early 1990s many enterprises had multiple protocols running on the ...