Network protocols are formal standards and policies consisting of rules, procedures, and formats that define how data is exchanged over networks. They ensure that devices can communicate effectively, ...

What is a network protocol? Most textbook writers state something like this: A network protocol is a set of guidelines or standards for the operation of network devices, the methods of operation, and ...

Joel is an internationally recognized expert in the areas of security, networking and messaging. Follow him on X (formerly Twitter) @joelsnyder. Building enterprise networks with routers and switches ...

Dec. 13: The layer-1 blockchain COTI unveiled plans to become the "first privacy-preserving Ethereum layer-2," according to the team: "To better serve the needs of Web3 companies and consumers, COTI ...

With over seven years of experience as a freelance technology writer and reporter, Tim Keary has a range of experience breaking down complex technologies into simple and accessible content. His work ...

We received this question from a student at a recent Profinet One-Day Training Class. I found it particularly prescient given the latest discussions going on around Industry 4.0. The question is ...

The third layer of the OSI Model, the network layer, is where most network engineers focus their time and expertise. As Darragh commented in my post on the data link layer, Layer 2 is cool but Layer 3 ...

Computer engineers learn early on that a core set of protocols are critical to networks. Some of the most important protocols include Internet Protocol (IP), Transaction Control Protocol (TCP), ...

I love new security testing tools. There is nothing quite like finding some magical bits of code allowing you to use and abuse protocols in unique and unnatural ways. I was introduced to Loki at ...

The rise of decentralized finance and nonfungible tokens has transformed the blockchain ecosystem and generated near unimaginable riches for investors, but none of this would be possible without the ...